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20th Century Leaders

Click on each clue for its answer.

  1. Ayatollah Khomeini (1900-1989)

    Iran

    Political leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.

  2. Sukarno (1901-1970)

    Indonesia

    He was the first President of Indonesia.

  3. Daniel arap Moi (1924-)

    Kenya

    President of Kenya from 1978 until 2002.

  4. Jinnah (1876-1948)

    Pakistan

    Leader of the All India Muslim League who founded Pakistan and served as its first Governor-General.

  5. Antonio Salazar (1932-1968)

    Prime Minister and Dictator of Portugal from 1932 to 1968.

    Prime Minister and Dictator of Portugal from 1932 to 1968

  6. Suharto (1967-1998)

    Indonesia

    The long-reigning President of Indonesia, holding the office from 1967 to 1998.

  7. Lee Kuan Yew (1923-)

    Singapore

    Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore from 1959 to 1990.

  8. Lech Walesa (1943-)

    Poland

    President of Poland from 1990 to 1995.

  9. Bhumibol Adulyadej (1927-)

    Thailand

    Current King of Thailand.

  10. Hussein I bin Talal (1935-1999)

    Jordan

    King of Jordan from 1952 - 1999.

  11. Haile Selassie (1892-1975)

    Ethiopia

    de jure Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974 and de facto from 1916 to 1936 and 1941 to 1974.

  12. Alexander Dubcek (1921-1992)

    Czechoslovakia

    Famous for his attempt to reform the Communist regime (Prague Spring).

  13. Vaclav Havel (1936-)

    Czechoslovakia

    He was the ninth and last President of Czechoslovakia (1989-1992) and the first President of the Czech Republic (1993-2003).

  14. Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1905-1993)

    Ivory Coast

    First President of Côte d'Ivoire. At the time of his death, was the longest-serving leader in Africa's history and the third longest-serving leader in the world, after Fidel Castro and Kim Il-sung.

  15. Kim Jong-il (1942-)

    North Korea

    Leader of North Korea since 1994.

  16. Todor Zhivkov (1911-1998)

    Bulgaria

    Communist leader of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989.

  17. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920-1975)

    Bangladesh

    Served as the first President and later became the Prime Minister of Bangladesh.

  18. Kwame Nkrumah (1909-1972)

    Ghana

    One of the most influential Pan-Africanists of the 20th century, served as the founder, and first President of Ghana.

  19. Mahathir bin Mohamad (1925-)

    Malaysia

    Prime Minister of Malaysia from 1981 to 2003.

  20. Rafael Trujillo (1891-1961)

    Rafael Trujillo

    Ruled the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961.

  21. Venustiano Carranza (1859-1920)

    Mexico

    President of Mexico from 1917 - 1920.

  22. Anwar Al Sadat (1918-1981)

    Egypt

    Third President of Egypt, serving from October 15, 1970 until his assassination.

  23. Muammar al-Gaddafi (1942-)

    Libya

    de facto leader of Libya since 1969.

  24. Sam Nujoma (1929-)

    Namibia

    First President of Namibia. He was inaugurated in 1990 and was subsequently re-elected in 1994 and 1999, serving until 2005.

  25. Jomo Kenyatta (1894?-1978)

    The first Prime Minister (1963-1964) and President (1964-1978) of Kenya. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan nation.

  26. Juan Peron (1895-1974)

    Argentina

    Elected three times as President of Argentina and serving from 1946 to 1955 and from 1973 to 1974.

  27. Frederik Willem de Klerk (1936-)

    South Africa

    last State President of Apartheid-era South Africa, serving from September 1989 to May 1994.

  28. Willy Brandt (1913-1992)

    (West) Germany

    Chancellor of West Germany 1969 - 1974, and leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 1964 - 1987.

  29. Hafez al-Assad (1930-2000)

    Syria

    President of Syria from 1971 - 2000.

  30. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1919-1980)

    Iran

    Monarch of Iran from September 16, 1941 until the Iranian Revolution on February 11, 1979.

  31. Julius Nyerere (1922-1999)

    Tanzania

    First President of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1964 until his retirement in 1985.

  32. Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969)

    Vietnam

    Prime Minister (1946-1955) and President (1955-1969) of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

  33. Salvador Allende (1908-1973)

    Chile

    Was President of Chile from November 1970 until his suicide during the coup d'état of September 11, 1973.

  34. Patrice Lumumba (1925-1961)

    Democratic Republic of the Congo

    First elected Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo after he helped to win its independence from Belgium in June 1960.

  35. Benigno Aquino, Jr. (1932-1983)

    The Philippines

    Philippine senator and a leading oppositionist to the autocratic rule of Ferdinand Marcos.

  36. Idi Amin (mid 1920's-2003)

    Uganda

    President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979.

  37. Zhou Enlai (1898-1976)

    China

    Premier of the People's Republic of China from 1949 until his death in January 1976, and China's foreign minister from 1949 to 1958.

  38. Mswati III (1968-)

    Swaziland

    King of Swaziland, and head of the Swazi Royal Family.

  39. Robert Mugabe (1924-)

    Zimbabwe

    He has been the head of government in Zimbabwe since 1980, first as Prime Minister and later as first executive President.

  40. Norodom Sihanouk (1922-)

    Cambodia

    King of Cambodia until his abdication on October 7, 2004, is now "King-Father of Cambodia."

  41. Enver Hoxha (1908-1985)

    Albania

    Was the leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Communist Albanian Party of Labour. He was also Prime Minister of Albania from 1944 to 1954 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1946 to 1953.

  42. Josip Tito (1892-1980)

    Yugoslavia

    Leader of the Second Yugoslavia, which lasted from 1943 until 1991.